Explain different groups of Montessori math exercises and how the directress should efficiently present exercises through sequential and parallel work in various groups?
Montessori Mathematical exercises are used to teach the basic concept of mathematics. Some exercises are sequential while some are parallel. They are six in numbers. They are given below:
Numbers through ten
Decimal System
Linear & Skip Counting
Arithmetic Tables
Passage to Abstraction
Fractions
Numbers through ten
The first group of exercises is about Numbers through ten. This is an example of sequential group experiences. The child is prepared to have a full understanding of numbers through ten.
Exercises related to Numbers through Ten
Number Rods
Sandpaper Numbers
Number Rods and Cards
Spindle Boxes
Concept of Zero
Cards and Counters
Memory Game
Decimal System
The
second group is the Decimal System which is introduced to the child after he
acquired the full understanding of the first. The focus of the exercise is on
the hierarchy of the decimal system and how it functions. This is also the
stage when the child is readied to have exercises on simple computations.
Introduction to quantity
Symbols
Formation of Numbers
Changing
Addition
Multiplication
Subtraction
Division
Stamp Game
Dot Game
Word Problems
Linear & Skip Counting
The third group is started when the exercises on the decimal system is ongoing. The third group, Counting beyond Ten, also includes the teens, the tens, and linear and skip counting.
Linear & Skip Counting
11 to 19: Quantity
11 to 19: Symbol
11 to 19: Association
Linear Counting
Skip Counting
Number Roll
Arithmetic Tables
The fourth group involves the memorization of the arithmetical tables. Work on this group can be started while the child is involved in the later exercises of the decimal system and the counting beyond ten.
Arithmetic Tables
Addition Snake Game
Strip Board – exercises
Addition Strip Board
Addition Charts
Subtraction Snake Game
Subtraction Strip Board
Subtraction Charts
Multiplication Bead
Multiplication Board
Multiplication Charts
Unit Division Board
Division Charts
Passage to Abstraction
The fifth group involves the passage to abstraction which requires the child to form an understanding of the process of every form of arithmetic and to memorize and internalize the tables of every operation. The works on the different groups sometime overlap with each other. After learning the tables and process for addition, the child can begin to the addition for another group.
Fractions
The sixth group is Fractions. The work on this group can be done parallel to the group that is making abstractions. The work on Fraction may also be started earlier than that because Sensorial exercises on fraction material can be started parallel with other groups of arithmetic.
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